2nd ranger battalion commander
He remembered, Fox Company led the way followed by the 1st and 2nd sections of the 1st Platoon of Dog Company. But the issue is decided on the battlefield, toward which all national effort leads. As a Vietnam Veteran, I am very proud to have Uncle Joe as my hero. Medic John Worthman recalled the arduous process of moving the wounded. The men of the 2nd Ranger Battalion, veterans of D-Day who had landed on Omaha Beach and some of whom had scaled Pointe-du-Hoc, were attached to the VII Corps and became caught up in the attrition of forest combat. Herman Stein, also of F Company, had more basic thoughts. Quick preparation and placement of the men had to be achieved. As one man, F Company with bayonets shining, hip firing, and yelling a battle cry that probably goes back into the eons of time charged into the jaws of death. According to Lomell, Sergeant Harvey Koenigs squad chased the remaining Germans down the hill, almost to the Roer River, before returning to deploy along the forward crest. Approximately 7,300 American military personnel served in Operation Urgent Fury, along with 350 peacekeepers from Jamaica, Barbados, Dominica, and other Caribbean islands. Army Col. William E. Powell, 42, a native of Northern Virginia and commanding officer of the Army's elite 2nd Ranger Battalion, died Sept. 21 in the crash of a C130 cargo plane at Indian Springs, Nev. An aerial view of Point Salines, as seen from an aircraft approaching the runway during Operation Urgent Fury. You are assigned to the following combat duty station: Unit: Training Platoon. On Oct. 17, an interagency group met at the State Department to consider options for a noncombatant evacuation operation (NEO) in Grenada. Company C landed at H-Hour on Omaha Beach. Companies D and F, a total of 65 Rangers, moved out from their positions in Bergstein and crossed the line of departure at 0730. "This is where our battalion's legacy was born. Most of the attacks developed from the south and east where wooded areas close to the hills base allowed a company of German paratroopers to launch the assault. "In this case, the commander of the 5th Ranger Training Battalion was suspended from his leadership position, Oct. 30, 2020, pending the completion of an investigation." Another vital political objective was the rescue of Governor General Paul Scoon and his family from house arrest. Planners knew that Grenadas political prisoners were held at the fortress-like Richmond Hill Prison, on a ridge above the harbor of St. Georges. We fell to the ground at the sunken road and began firing our rifles toward the two burned-out buildings in front of the D Company attack. Then, on Oct. 14, 1983, Bishops deputy, Bernard Coard, and Gen. Hudson Austin, both hard-line Marxists, led a bloody coup against Bishop, who was executed along with his associates. A tropical thunderstorm added to the confusion as the Rangers hurriedly re-rigged their chutes and gear for the drop. The 3rd Battalion . No American vehicle orfoot movement went undetected from this vantage point. Petty thrust his Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) into an aperture and emptied a 20-round magazine. After joining forces, they pushed westward toward the villages of Pierre du Mont and along the coast toward the town of Grandcamp-Maisy. Lawrence, the USMC Small Wars Manual, Lewis Sorley's A Better War, and Learning to Eat Soup With a Knife by John Nagl. The Rangers were finally relieved. Col. Michael F. Kloepper. By 10:00 a.m., the airfield and the nearby True Blue campus of the medical school were secure. And very often I feel totally overwhelmed, dignified but most of all, very sad about all the suffering that soldiers had to suffer on both sides. He subsequently served as the aide de camp to the Commanding General of the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command. In this drive, the Rangers captured two dozen towns and approximately 500 prisoners. The Germans repeatedly counter attacked. The bursts showered the Rangers with deadly shrapnel. Major Williams described one of the counterattacks. The enemy defenders immediately became alert. Entdecke AUFNHER, SSI, ARMEE GOLD REKRUTIERER ABZEICHEN, WSTE, DCU, DBDU in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! Stuck on the hill, the Rangers threw back every German counterattack over the next 40 hours. Hand-to-hand fights developed on top of the hill in which some use was made of bayonets.. After another attempt failed, the mission was aborted. I moved to the town of Bergstein almost 6 years ago. Some veterans remained in the service to train other men for conflicts in Korea and Vietnam and subsequent confrontations. arriving there on October 3rd. 2nd Ranger Battalion :Commander 2x4 Twenty : Fokker D.VII 38.. -65 He subsequently served as the aide de camp to the Commanding General of the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command. In September 1944 the Rangers were attached to the 8th Infantry Division to assist in clearing out the German resistance on the Crozon Peninsula. Lomell recalled, We were outnumbered 10 to one. General Barno was promoted to lieutenant general (three stars) in 2003 at age 49, becoming the first member of his West Point class of 1976 to achieve that distinction. During this time, he testified over a dozen times before Congress on counter-insurgency in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Al Qaeda and Joint Professional Military Education, as well as lectured and wrote extensively on those topics. Our structure, ranks, billets, and atmosphere are closely related to the U.S. Army. The Rangers hit the small German groups with short bursts of BAR and rifle fire or grenades. Each platoon had two rifle sections, a B.A.R. The area surrounding the Battle of Hrtgen Forest encompassed about 50 square miles of rugged, densely wooded terrain along the German-Belgian border south of Aachen, the first major German city to fall to the Allies. Captain Arnold recalled the most difficult attack of the 8th. Barno is a native of Endicott, New York. C Battery, 251st Coast Artillery/Anti-aircraft Regiment 510. The Rangers evacuated the replacement off the hill between counter-attacks. Maj. Shawn F. Carns. The World War II Pointe du Hoc Ranger Monument is located on a cliff eight miles west of Normandy American Cemetery, which overlooks Omaha Beach, France. The 2nd was formed when the battalion was reactivated in 1974 and serves to this day as a battalion of the 75th Ranger Regiment. We had no protection, continuous tons of shrapnel falling upon us, hundred of rounds coming in., German efforts were about to pay off when a single Ranger turned the tide. Faircount Media Group. Military Designator 11B2VQ6. Mission: To prepare the conventional ground and air forces of the Army for defense and protection of the territorial integrity and independence of the . Mortar shells fell all around us, and our guys were getting hit. The quick, crisp barrage caught the Germans by surprise. The first week of May 1945, the battalion was suddenly moved to Czechoslovakia, where further skirmishes were encountered and neutralized. Qualifications for acceptance required strong physical capabilities and high intelligence. General Barno's many awards and decorations include the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Distinguished Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Defense Superior Service Medal (three awards), the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster, the Bronze Star Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal (with silver and bronze oak leaf clusters), the NATO Meritorious Service Medal, the Department of State Meritorious Honor Award, the Army Commendation and Achievement Medals and several campaign and unit awards for combat actions. They saw an enemy bunker with steel doors on the crest. I'm Captain William Reese your Company Commander. DoD/2 Soviet Military Power, 1984. Captain Otto Masney, commander of F Company, gave the order to fix bayonets, and suddenly Mike Sharik stood up and yelled, Cmon, you unholy bastards! and off we went. German artillery peppered Hill 400. Christmas and the New Year came and passed without relief or replacements. The 75th Ranger Regiment is a lethal, agile and flexible force, capable of executing a myriad of complex, joint special operations missions in support of U.S. policy and objectives. The heaviest counterattack of the fight was launched at 1500 on December 8. They received intensive amphibious training at the U.S. Navy Scouts and Raiders School. In mid March, time was used for reorganization and equipment cleaning and preparing for the next combat assignment. After Sept. 11 . "A", "B", "C", and "E" Companies got into position to secure the town of Bergstein, Germany where Hill 400 was located. events, and resources, The Battle of Hrtgen Forest: Army Rangers vs Fallschirmjgers. He is a graduate of Union Endicott High School Class of 1972. We stayed out all night, Stein said later. A few days later we received boot packs, and even wristwatches. The guns were found in their alternate positions about a mile from where they were supposed to be as previously indicated by Army Intelligence. ADVERTISE IN THE UPCOMING EDITION OF SPECIAL OPERATIONS OUTLOOK. - Dwight D. Eisenhower. Four steps later he was cut down. (en) Le 2e bataillon de rangers US est le nom de deux units distinctes de l'United States Army Rangers. An M60 machine gun, equipped with a night sight, is mounted on their M151 light utility vehicle. Ronald Reagan, second from left, and Mrs. Nancy Reagan, right, pause as anthems are played after the unveiling of a memorial plate for the 2nd Ranger Battalion that conquered Pointe du Hoc 40 years ago, during memorial ceremony, Wednesday, June 6, 1984, Pointe du Hoc, France. It was horrific, and the voices of the wounded tore our hearts., The barrage cost casualties in more than one way. The Rangers were too weak to hold all points along the line simultaneously. It made me cry but also made me proud to know my father fought valiantly to take and keep Hill 400. Some Rangers took part in freeing many allied prisoners. Captain Harold K. Slater went to the western edge of town to contact elements of the 5th Armored Division. Frank South, a medic with the 2nd Ranger Battalion, recounted the discovery. No appreciable ground was gained, and 6,184 Americans were casualties. The battalion helped capture the great port city of Brest, and after a two-month respite, the battle-hardened soldiers joined the offensive against the Siegfried Line. They went on through without stopping to take up defensive positions to the west and south of Bergstein. The U.S. Army would not seize Hill 400 again until February 1945. The men were confident in it because it was Rudders concept. Commander, 62nd Airlift Wing. In May 1944, the battalion participated in a full-scale pre-invasion exercise on the English coast called Fabius-7. We host deployment operations on our private servers using; terrain, weapon, radio, vehicle, and modifications. A small scout party from Companies D and F reconnoitered the hill before the assault. Half the Krauts ran and half gave up. The route to Pointe du Hoc (US Army Photo Public Domain)In reference to Pointe du Hoc and Colonel Rudder's role, "Never has any commander been given a more desperate mission." There was no contingency plan on the shelf, no up-to-date intelligence, not even a good map of the island. Not one man was killed by enemy fire during the drop, although one soldier broke a leg on landing. He also was selected early among his peers for promotion to colonel, which Antonia noted is a testament both to Oboho's performance throughout his career and the Army's confidence in . A new attack was launched in November by the 28th Infantry Division. Shortly before the move, Lt. Col. But Point Salines was the key objective, and 12 SEALs drew the task of covertly investigating the defenses and delivering four Air Force combat controllers who would set up radio beacons enabling C-130s carrying the Rangers to line up precisely on final approach. After sustaining 6,053 casualties, it was relieved by the 8th Infantry Division early in December. All 4 of the Drake brothers served during WW11. 75th Ranger Regiment 2nd Battalion. Trucked to Hill 400, the infantrymen shuffled up the slope to the crest during the night. In addition, the improvements to SOF capabilities since Eagle Claw, while impressive, were shown to still have a long way to go. Cloise Manning were the first F Company men to reach the summit of Hill 400. Cuban forces reported 25 killed, 59 wounded, and 638 captured. That same day, Lt. Col. James Rudder, the battalion commander, was transferred to the 28th Divisions 109th Regiment. Command Sergeant Major Brett Johnson enlisted in the Army on Sept. 29 1998 from Houston, Texas. From 2014-2017 in 2nd Ranger Battalion he served as a Battalion Liaison Officer . The SEALs parachuted into the ocean 40 kilometers (25 miles) from Point Salines with two Zodiac rubber boats. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for DID 1.12 Michael Wittmann SS Hauptsturmfurer Panzer Ace Tiger 1 Tank Commander at the best online prices at eBay! His few remaining men rallied to the cause, and together they drove the Germans back down the hill.. Unfortunately, nine days later the Germans retook the hill from the 13th Regiment. Fortunately, direct intervention by the Supreme Allied Commander, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, helped the 2nd Rangers to be better prepared for the cold weather than most of the regular infantry in the Hrtgen. So, on October 15 . Following . Then intelligence confirmed the runway was obstructed with vehicles and equipment. WWII 2nd and 5th Ranger Battalions' DiamondCompanies A, B, part of Headquarters and the rest of the Rangers provisional group landed at H-plus 30 minutes. Using their fighting knives and bayonets, three men scaled the 100 foot cliffs and dropped the toggle ropes to their remaining Rangers below to enable them to more easily climb the cliffs and successfully put out of action this very important and deadly German defensive position. It was erected by the French to honor elements of the American Second Ranger Battalion under the command of Lt. Col. James E. Rudder. Times were wild. General Walter Weaver, commander of the 8th Division, personally asked the V Corps commander, General Leonard Gerow, for Rangers to bolster the armored combat command in Bergstein and to assist his divisions next assault on Hill 400. Tlcharger cette image : Pres. Later, on Oct. 27, the Rangers staged a heliborne assault on the Calivigny base, only to find the defenders had fled. It was just round after round of crashing and smashing, beating on your head till you think there is no way you can stand it, recalled Edlin. Lieutenant Colonel Wayne A. In his civilian studies, he earned a Master of Arts degree in National Security and Strategic Studies at Georgetown University. The "rest" time did not last long as the remnants of the battalion were alerted to move up to defensive positions in Simmerath and were attached to the 78th Infantry Division who were to defend the left flank of the "Battle of the Bulge" as the German offensive became known, which commenced December 16, 1944. Captain Masney was captured attempting to move down the hill to bring up more reinforcements. A creeping German artillery barrage behind the assaulting Rangers produced more Ranger casualties. On 25 October 1983, United States Army Rangers, as part of a seven-nation task force, led the invasion of the tiny Caribbean island of Grenada. ", - Contributed by Henry A. Zyrkowski I am also working on a project about the 2nd Rangers, and his experiences could help me greatly! 253-967-9169. All Rights Reserved. The new soldier became speechless, did not know his name, and could not recognize anyone around him. The Rangers of Baker Company were amazed to see the GI equipment, clothing, and even weapons that had been discarded by the division troops who had previously held this area. One group made a successful reconnaissance of the islands northeast coast, which convinced planners that the beaches were unsuitable for landing. In that the Ranger Battalions specialized in airfield seizures"takedowns," the 1st Battalion was . Putting us in a defensive position wasnt utilizing our skills and capabilities. BGen. Navy SEAL Teams 4 and 6 were assigned some of the most challenging preliminary missions of the invasion. Nowadays, after more than 70 years Hrtgenwald is a really lovely place to live. 2nd Battalion is the Higher Headquarters for both Companies. Soviet BTR-60 armored personnel carriers seized by U.S. military personnel during Operation Urgent Fury. I believe that he was injured and earned a Bronze Star in the vicinity of Bernstein and Hill 400 on that day. He commanded companies in the 25th Infantry Division and the 1st Ranger Battalion, leading a Ranger Rifle Company during the invasion of Grenada in 1983. The dominant geographic feature in the Hrtgen was near Bergstein, the Burgeberg-Castle Hill, or as the Americans called it, Hill 400 because of its height in meters, equivalent to 1,312 feet. The unit arrived in the nick of time just as the third counterattack erupted. Captain Gerald Heaney, World War II, landed at Normandy on the early hours of D-Day, . Freddie T. Dela Cruz PA. Descargar esta imagen: Pres. In September 1943, the battalion moved to Fort Pierce, Florida. We were stuck waiting for our own artillery to lift. Herman Stein took the 1st and 2nd Platoons and set up near the bottom of the hill toward the river. Flight deck crewmen and medical personnel remove a wounded serviceman from a Task Force 160 Little Bird helicopter on the flight deck of the amphibious assault ship USS Guam (LPH 9) during the multiservice, multinational Operation Urgent Fury. Would it be possible for me to interview your uncle on his wartime experiences? The Rangers were supported by the sadly depleted 116th Infantry Regiment of the 29th Division. In his book The Mighty Endeavor, Charles MacDonald described the fighting in the Battle of Hrtgen Forest as the battle of the hedgerows all over again only this time with freezing rain, sleet, snow, flood, mud, pillboxes, and dense woods straight out of frightening German folk tales. The men of the 5th Armored were all in cellars, and they provided no guides. 173RD Airborne Brigade Commander. They exfiltrated to the coast and swam out to be recovered by USS Caron (DD 970). I guess if you see 120 men acting like a bunch of Indians coming at you, you think these guys are nuts! Captain George S. Williams, the executive officer, and Captain Harvey Cook, the intelligence officer, were called to 8th Division headquarters and given the mission. That gear never leaked down to the front lines. This meant the Rangers would have to parachute from 500 feet, exposed to enemy fire for 10 to 15 long seconds. 76: April 2017 Field Pocket (LRSC) (corps level) and the long-range surveillance detachment (LRSD) (division. July 1944, the battalion was assigned to clearing out hidden enemy positions and pockets of enemy resistance along the coastline of the Cherbourg Peninsula. Block was killed while tending the wounded and coordinating the evacuation when a shell burst on the roof of the aid station. The German paratroopers launched the second counterattack at mid-afternoon as about 150 men struck F Company. The men of the 2nd Ranger Battalion were veterans of D-Day, having landed on Omaha Beach and scaled Pointe-du-Hoc. He must have raided the whole damn headquarters to get enough for one Ranger battalion.. All three infantry divisions, 9th, 28th, and 8th, had tried to seize Hill 400 but failed. Weaver then decided to let the Rangers assault the hill by themselves, so as to keep his division fresh and to allow the Rangers to work in their own manner. They used machine guns, burp guns, rifles, and threw potato masher grenades. Bude furnished the steep cliffs for training. The lieutenants helped the battalion move into its positions by 0300 hours. Staff Sergeant Bill L Rod Petty of F Company did. Maj. Kupratty deployed multiple times throughout his career, supporting Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, and Freedom's Sentinel. Further battalions were to follow until the 75th Ranger Regiment was created in 1986. A U.S. Army Black Hawk helicopter lands at Point Salines Airfield during Operation Urgent Fury. The enemy artillery did not let up. It changed hands repeatedly between the English and French during the colonial era, becoming a profitable source of sugar grown on plantations worked by African slaves. And in 1982, the politics of the island that led to Operation Urgent Fury were, to put it mildly, complex. | Center for a New American Security", https://www.gomo.army.mil/Ext/Portal/Files/Download.ashx?id=4386, http://www.defense.gov/dodcmsshare/newsphoto/2004-08/040811-F-5586B-008.jpg, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=David_Barno&oldid=1134798652. On Oct. 18, the USS Independence (CV 62) carrier battle group and the 22nd Marine Amphibious Unit had left port bound for the Mediterranean, where another Lebanon crisis was brewing. John Abizaid (later a commander of U.S. Central Command), commanding A Company, 1/75th, ordered his men to hot-wire a Cuban bulldozer and start clearing the runway. Shortly thereafter, then Major James E. Rudder, took command. Thank you for this wonderfully-written account. Just months later, during Operation Earnest Will in the Persian Gulf, and the invasion of Panama in late 1989, the wisdom and effectiveness of those reforms would be proven. Bob Edlin explained, While at the bivouac, we were visited by General Eisenhower. A DoD-released image of objectives surrounding Point Salines Airfield. These lessons learned eventually led to the passage of the Goldwater-Nichols Act (Public Law 99-433) and the subsequent Nunn-Cohen Amendment to the 1987 Defense Authorization Act signed by Reagan. Following selection to Brigadier General, General Barno served as the Assistant Division Commander (Operations) for the 25th Infantry Division as well as Deputy Director of Operations, U.S. Pacific Command. He also commanded 2nd Brigade Combat Team . In each assault the German force numbered between 100 and 150 men. Command Chief Master Sergeant, 62nd Airlift Wing . The Executive Order to execute Operation Urgent Fury was issued at 1654 on Saturday, 22 October. In January 2003, Barno was deployed to Hungary as the Commanding General of Task Force Warrior tasked to train Free Iraqi Forces in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Recognizing the need for a highly trained and mobile reaction force, after the activation of 1st Battalion (Ranger), 75th Infantry the Army Chief of Staff, General Creighton Abrams, directed the activation of a second battalion sized Ranger unit in the fall of 1973. Downing was the third Battalion Commander of the 2nd Ranger Battalion, and eventually commanded the 75th Ranger Regiment, and Special Operations Command. The modern 2nd Ranger Battalion was activated in what year? Lieutenant Len Lomell took out the patrol from Company D. Lomell recalled, The patrol was to discover evidence of pillboxes, bunkers, and enemy positions. After four months of strenuous training in the States . Military command Command of combat operations under the command of Artillery and 2nd Knife Battalion of the 5th Ranger Brigade,providing accurate gunnery support to PMC Wagner mercenaries on the outskirts of Bakhmut they were defeated and dead on the battlefield. I am convinced that these six to eight men were the vital factor that kept F from being overrun, claimed Petty afterward. It was hand-over-hand, using the third hand to keep up a stream of fire., Bud Potratz, D Company, was part of the whirlwind of combat edging up the hill. It currently exists as the 85th Support Command. Col. Michael F. Kloepper. 2/75 at the Jungle Operations Training Center in Panama The 2D Battalion (Ranger), 75th Infantry . Captain Masney arrived with more soldiers and captured the bunker. The assault was at 0730 sharp. There were six line companies, "A" Company through "F" Company and a Battalion Headquarters Company. Members of the 1/75th Rangers are briefed on plans for a night patrol during Operation Urgent Fury. Overhead the sky was grey.. He ended up in a stateside psychiatric ward.. During the night, the Germans tried to slip through the Rangers foxholes toward the bunker. Alpha Company is organic to the Battalion and Hotel Company is attached from a fictional unit for organizational purposes and structure. A and B Companies remained deployed on the extreme right flank of the divisions 121st Infantry Regiment. The plan still called for E Company to be the reserve while D and F Companies, the assault force, assembled near the church and cemetery in a partially sunken road that paralleled the base of Hill 400. We Will Win . An enemy machine gun located at the left lower corner of the hill wounded and killed several of the F Company Rangers as they crossed the open field, he recalled. Soldiers of the 116th Infantry Regiment, 29th Infantry Division landed on Dog-Green. At SAIS, he co-teaches four graduate courses with Dr. Nora Bensahel, to include The Human Face of Battle, Military Adaptation Under Fire, Military Basics and Strategy II. 2nd Battalion (Combat Support), 364th Regiment. (per Ranger Memorial Fort Benning, GA). Following his retirement from active duty, Barno served as the Director of the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA) at the National Defense University in Washington, D.C. from 2006 until April 2010. Near the end of March 1945, the battalion crossed the Rhine and was pressed back into more combat. A 20-minute final barrage from the American artillery drove the Germans off the hill for the fifth and final time. U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, 8th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne), U.S. Army Special Operations Aviation Command. Anderson shoved in a couple of grenades. Just then, an enemy shell exploded, killing Anderson. Between three Ranger Battalion tours and command of the 3rd Bn, 505th PIR in the 82nd Airborne Division, he accumulated over 110 parachute jumps during his career, to include a 500-foot night-time parachute assault into Panama in 1989, during which most jump aircraft were struck by enemy fire. Private William Anderson, a seasoned Ranger broken from sergeant to the lowest rank for garrison infractions; Sergeant Petty, and Pfc. From Kleinhau the companies began their march to Bergstein. Carl Erie) would seize Pearls Airport, while elements of two U.S. Army Ranger battalions (from the 75th Ranger Regiment Joint Task Force 123, Army Maj. Gen. Richard Scholtes), parachuting from MC-130s of the Air Force 1st Special Operations Wing, would capture and clear the unfinished runway at Point Salines, allowing six battalions of the 82nd Airborne Division to land in C-141 jet transports. Following attendance at the Army War College, he commanded the Warrior Brigade, a multi-functional support brigade at Fort Polk, Louisiana, which supported the Joint Readiness Training Center. The training was first provided by experienced combat-proven officers and NCOs who were assigned from the 1st Ranger Battalion commanded by Col. William O. Darby. Of course, we took care of their injuries and immediately evacuated them., The Rangers ran patrols, dug in deeper, reinforced their foxholes with logs, and battled the cold weather. His company did not land on the Dog-Green section of Omaha Beach as portrayed in the film but several yards to the right or west of Dog-Green on Charlie section. Lomell was the sole officer of D Company still standing. There were no troops in these positions until their arrival. Throughout the night the Germans shelled the Rangers. According to captured German records, Field Marshal Walter Model had offered Iron Crosses and a two-week furlough to any Germans who recaptured the hill. Chung's career included tours with the 2nd Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment; 1st Ranger Battalion, 75th Ranger Regiment and Joint Special Operations Command, including operational . cairns to townsville drive, revlon hair dryer replacement parts, grow more mendocino feed chart,