what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

Create your account. Discover the motivations & goals of Spanish & Portuguese exploration of the New World & Asia. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. 1531 This involved an exchange of plants, goods, ideas, and diseases from Europe to the Americas. I feel like its a lifeline. Negative and Positive Impact of Portuguese Exploration by Seb. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. What are the most important factors behind the success of Portuguese and Spanish overseas exploration and colonization? (credit: modification of work by National Park Service), Next: Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World, Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of Spains empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture. conquered Aztecs, killed emperor, collected gold Ferdinand Magellan What was the positive impact of Portuguese exploration? In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. Only by playing upon the disunity among the diverse groups in the Aztec Empire were the Spanish able to capture the grand city of Tenochtitln. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you The overland routes involved terrain that was unforgiving and dangerous, and merchants couldn't trust that they would always be safe. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. This creation of a trading post empire tapped into the existing slave trade among Africans with the Portuguese fully participating and expanding the trade beyond African borders. This colonial enterprise was driven by a search for African gold, Asian spices, and Christian kingdoms in the east. Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), painted by Diego Velzquez in 1656, is one of the best-known paintings in history. The Portuguese established a European trading post empire to capitalize on their superior navigation skills and tap into existing African trade routes. So basically it helped explorers reach their destination. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Probanzas de mritos featured glowing descriptions of lands of plenty. Their son, Martn, may have been the first mestizo (person of mixed indigenous American and European descent). Which country established the first colonies in the Americas? There are many spices and vast mines of gold and other metals in this island. This map traces Coronados path through the American Southwest and the Great Plains. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? In 1418, the Portuguese came upon the Madeira Islands and established a colony at Porto Santo. How did explorers born in Portugal impact the world? Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. In addition to navigation, what purpose would such a map have served? It began with the Vikings' brief stint . In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. Along the way, they discovered plenty of ways to make a profit from their voyages, and pretty soon they were leaders in the gold and slave trades. In this instance, Cortes actually operated without approval from the Spanish crown or the governor of the Cuban colony because he desired a chance to make his own name and wealth without the credit going to his superiors. Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of 'The Age of Discovery', stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. The age of exploration came along way from 15th to the 17yh century bringing along voyages, conquests, new lands, disease, religion, and the exchange of goods. While the Portuguese didnt rule over an immense landmass, their strategic holdings of islands and coastal ports gave them almost unrivaled control of nautical trade routes and a global empire of trading posts during the 1400s. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?san juan airport restaurants hours Credit Solution Experts Incorporated offers quality business credit building services, which includes an easy step-by-step system designed for helping clients build their business credit effortlessly. Corts arrived on Hispaniola in 1504 and took part in the conquest of that island. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. Other explorers made their way up the California coast and across the American southeast. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. Spain. What was the impact of Vasco de Gamas exploration? Most trades for Western Europe required overland travel, which only grew more difficult with Ottoman conquests in the East. Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. Essay Sample. The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. However, the overthrow of the Mongols by the Ottoman Empire had closed that border as the longstanding religious differences between Christian Europe and Muslim Ottomans allowed the old conflict to disrupt the flow of trade. Fighting on horseback gave the Spanish explorers an advantage over the Native American populations, who fought on foot. In 1493, Columbus sent two copies of a probanza de mrito to the Spanish king and queen and their minister of finance, Luis de Santngel. The Spanish also introduced Catholicism into the New World. Effects of Spanish Rule in North and South America: 1. The Portuguese destroyed the Arab trade routes in the Indian Ocean between Africa, Arabia and India. Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. Although the period known as the Age of Discovery, when Western Europe's conquistadors or conquerors discovered the true expanse of the globe, began with a Portuguese and Spanish desire to find ways to the Far East and the spice trade, it ended with both nations permanently expanding a myriad of trade networks and colonies on continents previously unknown. When we read them now, we need to take the descriptions with a grain of salt. Today they highlight the difficult task of historical work; while the letters are primary sources, historians need to understand the context and the culture in which the conquistadors, as the Spanish adventurers came to be called, wrote them and distinguish their bias and subjective nature. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. It results in increased costs, higher production rates, and lower . Like Corts, Pizarro had to combat not only the natives of the new worlds he was conquering, but also competitors from his own country; a Spanish rival assassinated him in 1541. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. There is honey, and there are many kinds of birds, and a great variety of fruits. The Europeans enslaved the Native Americans and took most of them back to Europe. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. The most famous of these Spanish adventurers are Christopher Columbus (who, though Italian himself, explored on behalf of the Spanish monarchs), Hernn Corts, and Francisco Pizarro. Such endeavors were accomplished by the conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro, who subdued the Aztec and Incan Empires in 1521 and 1533. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. This compass showed from four to eight directions. In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. They accomplished this through a combination of military strength and strategic alliances with native peoples. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. . The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. Millions of Amerindians died by violence and disease as the Spanish marched through their lands, and even the very face of the land changed as the explorers and settlers brought new livestock, weeds, and germs to the New World. Great Explorers of Spain and Portugal: Aims & Discoveries, Radical Reformation Origins & Beliefs | Anabaptists & Antitrinitarians. Q. Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. Smarting from their defeat at the hands of the Aztec, Corts slowly created alliances with native peoples who resented Aztec rule. Believing he had landed in the East Indies, Columbus called the native Tanos he found there Indios, giving rise to the term Indian for any native people of the New World. 1 What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? 4 What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? No products in the cart. Those who resisted were punished by a system called encomienda, in which natives were assigned to settlers through land grants as part of a deal. Spanish relationships with the natives tended to vary depending on the person. Magellan and Joo Serro were the only Portuguese captains, with Magellan in charge of the largest ship, the Trinidad, and Serro at the helm of the Santiago. The Spanish looked south in the 1530s and 1540s. In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Corts and his people fled for their lives, running down one of Tenochtitlns causeways to safety on the shore. After Columbus voyages to the New World, the Portuguese, Spanish, French, Dutch, and English began the active exploration and exploitation of the newly discovered land in the Americas. One such explorer, Francisco Pizarro, made his way to the Spanish Caribbean in 1509, drawn by the promise of wealth and titles. Slaves lived in the dungeon for weeks or months until ships arrived to transport them to Europe or the Americas. For example, the mariner's astrolabe, which helped to plot location by measuring the altitude of the sun and stars. He and his followers explored what is now Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Texas. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? All lands to the east of the line would go to Portugal. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. He presided as governor over the province of Nueva Galicia, where he heard rumors of wealth to the north: a golden city called Quivira. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Upon Columbuss return to Spain, the Spanish crown bestowed on him the title of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and named him governor and viceroy of the lands he had discovered. Source for information on Spanish Exploration and Colonization: Science and Its Times: Understanding the Social Significance of Scientific Discovery . At the height of the middle ages, the Mongol Empire had kept open borders throughout Asia and into Europe along the Silk Road, allowing spices and other luxury goods to flow freely from the Far East. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. It didn't take long for other Spaniards to realize that Columbus had stumbled upon something completely new, and they decided to stay. When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. For more than a century, Baker Hughes . Other countries would soon follow suit with France and Spain founding colonies for trade connections and means of dealing with dissident religious groups in North America. Although Portugal opened the door to exploration of the Atlantic World, Spanish explorers quickly made inroads into the Americas. He believed that, using calculations based on other mariners journeys, he could chart a westward route to India, which could be used to expand European trade and spread Christianity. Above all else, the Aztec wealth in gold fascinated the Spanish adventurers. 5 Pages. Although the Portuguese originally used the fort primarily for trading gold, by the sixteenth century they had shifted their focus. The Spanish were also the first in the New World. Over two centuries, the Spanish established an empire over two continents that changed the lives of the Amerindians, the very face of the land itself, and indeed, the entire world. This era began in the late 1400's and lasted through the 1700's. It is responsible for influencing European culture, initiating globalization, and introducing colonialism around the world. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. The seaports there are incredibly fine, as also the magnificent rivers, most of which bear gold. However, these stories are based on the self-aggrandizing efforts of conquistadors to secure royal favor through the writing of probanzas de mritos (proofs of merit). Settlements sprang up at St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565, and in New Mexico in 1609. answer choices. Along the way, the explorers were always on the lookout for gold and silver. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Portuguese traders soon began to settle around the fort and established the town of Elmina. found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. 247 lessons The Spanish also brought smallpox into the valley of Mexico. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. They had many tools that helped them navigate through the Atlantic Ocean. Ushered in a new age of sustained global contact; world connected through networks of exchange. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Riches poured in from the colonies, and new ideas poured in from other countries and new lands. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. This island, like all the others, is most extensive. Portugal protested that the line gave excessively to Spain. Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. The regions through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered: rather, they were populated and controlled by the groups of native peoples indicated. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Vasco Nez de Balboa traveled across Panama in 1513 and saw the Pacific Ocean for the first time. Dutch Golden Age History & Timeline | What is the Dutch Golden Age? Beginning in about 1418, Henry sent explorers to sea almost every year. The magnetic compass was a compass that had a magnetized needle supporting a magnetic card. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Dutch & Spanish Dominance in South & Southeast Asia, The Italian Wars and Weakening of Papal Authority, Protestant Reformation on Germany | History, Effects & Impacts. The Spaniards were not far behind the Portuguese in their exploration and empire building. Set in the Wizarding World universe, this game finally lets you explore the castle of Hogwarts and the surrounding area with near-limitless freedom. These countries, therefore, represent two distinct, but key goals of New World exploration that became the basic pattern for the history of the Atlantic World. Which type of automated bidding strategy is Target CPA? Finally, Vasco de Gama arrived in India and came back with a nice, profitable load of spices in 1499. The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. Velzquez painted himself into this imposingly large royal portrait (hes shown holding his brush and easel on the left) and boldly placed the viewer where the king and queen would stand in the scene ([link]). This angered the people of Tenochtitln, who rose up against the interlopers in their city. AP European History: The Age of Expansion, The Market Economy in 17th Century Europe, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Age of Discovery and the Conquistadors, AP European History: Overview of the Renaissance, AP European History: Renaissance Philosophy, Art & Literature, AP European History: Reformation Roots & Teachings, AP European History: The Reformation's Effects Across Europe, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Portuguese and Spanish Empires: Growth in the New World & Asia, The Columbian Exchange, Global Trade & Mercantilism, Triangular Trade: Route, System & Role in Slavery, The Commercial Revolution: Economic Impact of Exploration and Colonization on Europe, Spreading Religion in the Age of Exploration, AP European History: The Rise of Monarchical Nation States, AP European History: English History (1450-1700), AP European History: The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, AP European History: The French Revolution, AP European History: The Napoleonic Empire, AP European History: 19th Century Revolutionary Movements, AP European History: The First Industrial Revolution, AP European History: Unifications of Nation States in the 19th Century, AP European History: Russia After World War I, AP European History: Integration: Europe after the Soviet Union, Developing and Writing Your AP Exam Essay, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, Roman God Pluto of the Underworld: Facts & Overview, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Mystical Theology, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Recognize the exploration of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires, Identify the African and Brazilian expansion by Portugal, Describe the Spanish conquerors and conquest of South and Central America.

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